Republican bills passed and pending in the 119th Congress fall into three groups: a small number of major laws already signed, including the sweeping One Big Beautiful Bill Act; a middle tier of bills that cleared one chamber and stalled in the other; and a long list of introduced proposals with little realistic path forward before the Congress adjourns on January 3, 2027.
What Republicans Have Already Signed Into Law
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act
H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025, is the centerpiece of the Republican legislative record. The House passed it 215–214 on May 22, 2025, with two Republicans voting no and every Democrat opposed.1U.S. House of Representatives. Roll Call 145, H.R. 1 The Senate cleared it 51–50 on July 1, 2025, with Vice President J.D. Vance breaking the tie after three Republicans joined all 47 Democrats against it.2GovTrack. Senate Vote on H.R. 1 President Trump signed it on July 4, 2025.3KFF. Tracking the Medicaid Provisions in the 2025 Budget Billp>
On taxes, the law permanently extends the 2017 individual rate cuts and doubled standard deduction, makes the $2,000 child tax credit permanent with a temporary boost to $2,500 through 2028, makes the Section 199A pass-through deduction permanent and raises it to 23%, and restores 100% bonus depreciation and immediate R&D expensing through 2029.4Bipartisan Policy Center. Whats in the 2025 House Republican Tax Bill5Tax Foundation. Big Beautiful Bill House GOP Tax Plan It creates new temporary deductions for tips, overtime pay, seniors, and U.S.-assembled vehicle loan interest, running 2025 through 2028, and raises the SALT cap from $10,000 to $40,000 for five years.6House Ways and Means Committee. The One Big Beautiful Bill Section by Section7Politico. GOP Megabill Cliffs Tax Cuts Medicaid
On healthcare, the law imposes 80-hour-per-month work requirements on able-bodied Medicaid expansion enrollees, shifts eligibility redetermination from annual to every six months, ends the pandemic-era 5% federal match bump, and restricts how states use provider taxes.8American Medical Association. 4 Big Beautiful Bill Changes Will Reshape Care in 2026 It allowed enhanced ACA premium subsidies to expire at the end of 2025, shortened the enrollment window, imposed new verification requirements that effectively end automatic re-enrollment, and bars many legal immigrants from subsidized coverage starting in 2027. CBO projected roughly 15 million people losing coverage and the uninsured rate climbing from 7.6% in 2025 to 10.4% by decade’s end.9CNBC. GOP Big Beautiful Bill to Deal Shock to the ACA Marketplace
The bill also put $79 billion into border wall and border security, $144 billion into military readiness and missile defense, replaced the SAVE student loan repayment plan, strengthened SNAP work requirements, repealed several Inflation Reduction Act green energy credits, imposed a 3.5% tax on non-commercial remittances sent abroad, and modified the debt limit.10Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget. Breaking Down the One Big Beautiful Bill5Tax Foundation. Big Beautiful Bill House GOP Tax Plan CBO estimated the package would raise the primary deficit by $2.4 trillion over ten years, or $3 trillion with interest.
Laken Riley Act
S. 5, P.L. 119-1, the first bill signed in the new Congress, requires DHS to detain undocumented noncitizens arrested for burglary, theft, larceny, or shoplifting, and lets state attorneys general sue future administrations for failing to enforce federal immigration law.11The American Presidency Project. Statement of Administration Policy, S. 5, Laken Riley Act
GENIUS Act
S. 1582, P.L. 119-27, signed July 18, 2025, created the first federal regulatory framework for stablecoins. Issuers must maintain 1:1 reserve backing in U.S. dollars or short-term Treasuries, publish monthly disclosures, and comply with Bank Secrecy Act anti-money-laundering rules; holders get priority claims if an issuer becomes insolvent.12The White House. Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Signs GENIUS Act Into Law Issuers with $10 billion or less outstanding may operate under certified state regimes.13Covington. The GENIUS Act Becomes Law
Other Signed Laws
Congress also enacted the permanent classification of fentanyl-related substances as Schedule I drugs (S. 331, P.L. 119-26); a spending rescissions bill executing presidential clawbacks (H.R. 4, P.L. 119-28); a FY2025 continuing resolution (H.R. 1968, P.L. 119-4); FY2026 defense authorization and consolidated appropriations; and legislation releasing the Epstein files (H.R. 4405, P.L. 119-38).14U.S. Senate. Active Legislation15Rep. Pfluger Official Site. Energy Legislative Efforts16LegiScan. Passed Legislation, 119th Congress
Bills That Passed One Chamber and Stalled
SAVE America Act
The Safeguard American Voter Eligibility Act would require documentary proof of citizenship to register, photo ID to vote, and state submission of voter rolls to a DHS verification tool. The House passed it on a near party-line vote in February 2026, but it has not cleared the 60-vote Senate threshold; an attempt to attach it to an immigration funding package failed on June 4, 2026.17NPR. SAVE Act Senate Vote Trump Senate Parliamentarian Elizabeth MacDonough ruled the bill violated the Byrd Rule, blocking a reconciliation path.18The Hill. SAVE America Act GOP Strategy
The impasse has produced open friction between the White House and Senate GOP leadership. Trump has pressured senators to abolish the legislative filibuster to force the bill through, calling those who resist “fools.”19NPR. 18The Hill. SAVE America Act GOP Strategy Trump made passage a precondition for signing other legislation, canceling a planned signing ceremony for a bipartisan housing bill in late June 2026 and refusing to sign a spy-tool reauthorization until the SAVE Act moves.20NPR. Trump Senate Friction House Freedom Caucus members have rejected a scaled-down grant-program compromise floated by Speaker Johnson, with Rep. Lauren Boebert calling it “nonsense.”21Spectrum News. House Freedom Caucus SAVE America Act
Digital Asset Market Clarity Act
The House passed H.R. 3633 on July 17, 2025, by a 294–134 vote, with 78 Democrats joining 216 Republicans. The bill divides oversight of digital assets between the SEC and CFTC based on whether an asset is a security or a “digital commodity,” with assets defaulting to securities status unless issuers file with the SEC to be reclassified.22Akin Gump. Crypto Clarity: Digital Assets Regulatory Framework Legislation in the 119th Congress Senate negotiations stalled as of late 2025 amid disputes over decentralized finance regulation and administration ethics concerns.23Politico. Crypto CEOs Senate Digital Assets Bill
HEATS Act
The House passed H.R. 5587 in April 2026. The bill would waive federal drilling permits for certain geothermal activities and exempt them from National Environmental Policy Act review. The Trump administration issued a statement of support, and the bill was pending in the Senate as of mid-2026.24GovTrack. H.R. 5587, HEATS Act of 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing Act
H.R. 6644 cleared the Senate with overwhelming support in March 2026, clearing procedural votes 89–9 and 82–11. House conservatives pushed to make a temporary ban on a central bank digital currency permanent, and some Republicans objected to a Senate provision barring large institutional investors from owning single-family homes.25Politico. Housing Bill Trump then canceled the signing ceremony in June 2026 to press the Senate on the SAVE Act.20NPR. Trump Senate Friction
What’s Being Assembled Now
A Third Reconciliation Package
As of mid-2026, House Republicans are trying to assemble a third party-line reconciliation package before the August recess. Speaker Johnson has framed it around “fraud, waste, and abuse in government” and remaining Trump priorities before the November midterms.26The Hill. GOP Reconciliation Bill Midterms The House Freedom Caucus sent Johnson a letter in late June 2026 setting conditions: extending the prohibition on federal funding for abortion providers, eliminating clean energy tax credits, healthcare reforms, removing certain firearm taxes, fully offsetting new spending, and including short-term government funding to avoid a shutdown.27Politico. Freedom Caucus Makes Reconciliation 3.0 Demands Two House defections can sink any bill. Rep. Chip Roy has warned a package that is “nothing more than a defense spending bill” is a nonstarter, and Rep. Thomas Massie has expressed caution about the overall spending level. Thune has questioned whether a third reconciliation bill is viable, telling reporters, “You’ve got to have something that you can win on.”28Punchbowl News. House GOP Reconciliation
Defense Spending and Iran Supplemental
The House Appropriations Committee approved a FY2027 defense bill in June 2026 on a 34–27 party-line vote, providing roughly $1.072 trillion in discretionary funding.29Breaking Defense. House Appropriators Approve $1T Defense Bill It includes military pay raises of 5% to 7% depending on rank, $56.7 billion for 21 new ships, $11.4 billion for critical munitions with new multiyear procurement authority, and investments in hypersonic weapons, autonomous systems, and next-generation fighters.30House Appropriations Committee. FY27 Defense Subcommittee Bill Summary More contested provisions include $1 billion in advanced procurement for a “Trump-class battleship” and renaming the Department of Defense the “Department of War,” which CBO estimated could cost up to $125 million. Separately, the Trump administration has signaled a request for roughly $80 billion in emergency supplemental funding tied to the Iran conflict, with GOP leaders debating whether to fold it into reconciliation or handle it as a standalone.26The Hill. GOP Reconciliation Bill Midterms
Bills Introduced With Little Path Forward
Several high-profile Republican proposals have drawn attention but no floor action. The FairTax Act of 2025 (H.R. 25) would abolish the IRS and replace the income tax with a national sales tax; it has 14 Republican cosponsors and sits in the Ways and Means Committee, with GovTrack rating its chance of passage as near zero.31GovTrack. H.R. 25, FairTax Act of 2025 The Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act (H.R. 28) and the Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act (H.R. 38) are among the most-tracked bills on GovTrack but have not reached floor votes. H.R. 899 would terminate the Department of Education, and H.R. 722 is the Life at Conception Act.32GovTrack. Trending Bills, 119th Congress
Any bill not enacted before the 119th Congress adjourns on January 3, 2027, will expire and would have to be reintroduced in the next Congress to move again.